Vertebral spine osteochondrosis, such as a disease of the human species, or “civilization disease”, is associated with a frankness in which the load throughout the structure of the spine and intervertebral discs increases significantly.A modern and sedentary lifestyle just exacerbates the situation.It is unlikely that there is an adult who has not experienced manifestations of osteochondrosis in one way or another.For this reason, questions about how and where to treat osteochondrosis do not lose its relevance.
Four fifths of all back pains are caused by osteochondrosis.And from the point of view of spending on their treatment, it is not inferior to cardiovascular diseases or influenza.
Causes
Upon reaching the half -aged of a person on intervertebral discs, a vascular channel is formed and therefore its nutrition occurs according to the diffusion principle.This in particular complicates the regeneration of intervertebral discs after excessive or asymmetrical loads, as well as micro and macro lesions.
Infinite or irrational foods add “oil to fire” and intervertebral cartilage without receiving the necessary nutrients, they begin to gradually lose strength and elasticity and deform.
The exact causes of osteochondrosis, unfortunately, have not been established today, so it is generally accepted that this is a certain set of risk factors, including:
- Metabolic process disorders in the body;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Weak physical development, violation of flat posture and feet, other muscle -skeletal system disorders;
- Infectious diseases and intoxication;
- Microtrauma of the spine due to falls, strokes, sudden movements and surplus loads, the same type of asymmetrical movements;
- Macro trauma of the spine due to fractures and bruises;
- Inadequate nutrition, a sedentary lifestyle and overweight, leading to lack of fluid, vitamins and traces elements;
- Stressful conditions and smoking, leading to spasms and narrowing blood vessels;
- Meteorological conditions under which low temperature and high air humidity are observed.
There are many reasons for the development of osteochondrosis, and all of them are the result of the wrong lifestyle, whose hostages are becoming more and more people in modern society.
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Obviously, the best prevention of osteochondrosis is rational nutrition and physical education, among the classes that are shown:
- Auto -materials of the lower back, back and limbs.
- Hygienic gymnastics with flying movements of the arms and legs, jumping in place, head rotation, classes in the horizontal bar.
- A five-minute physical education break in the workplace with a set of 7-9 exercises.
- Nothing in the pool, especially on the back.
Obviously, if the time for prevention is lost, this list of exercises should be expanded with therapeutic exercises, which predict techniques for the spinal canal.
The power supply for osteochondrosis should include a large amount of protein, except for mushroom dishes, remnants of animal fat butter, the first dishes - especially vegetarians, seconds - steamed or oven, especially flood, low -fat sauces, spices and spices - are well -vast.The consumption of salt products and saline (herring, salmon, homework for winter), sugar, flour, butter and other confectionery, grapes and juice, strong coffee and tea, alcohol and smoke are markedly limited.
The mass of the daily diet should usually not exceed 2 kg, liquids - 1 liter and kilocalories - 2600 units.The daily diet is calculated for a frequent meal of 5-7 meals a day.
If the analyzes show the lack of certain vitamins and tracking elements, they will be prescribed additionally.
Osteochondrosis diagnosis
Depending on the location place, osteochondrosis can be:
- Cervical (25% of cases) - It is accompanied by hand and shoulders pain, headaches with greater possible development of vertebral artery syndrome, when noise in the ears appears, “flies” and colored spots before the eyes, mild dizziness occurs.
- Thoracic column, - pain arises as a "stake" in the chest, the pain "fires" in other organs: heart, lungs, stomach.
- Lumbosacra (50% of cases) - Pain in the lower back, which gives the legs, the sacred and sometimes in the groin, can be accompanied by syndromes of impaired function and sensitivity of the lower extremities muscles.
- Common (12% of cases) - is a combination of spine osteochondrosis of various departments at onceAnd therefore the most severe form of this disease.
In addition to painful pain in the corresponding parts of the spine, a sense of pain and dormancy in the limbs, pain in various organs and muscles with osteochondros other symptoms: muscle cramps, decreased freedom of movement and increased pain during cough or sneezing, additional loads and curves or inclinations.
A preliminary diagnosis is based on the above symptoms and the initial exam by a doctor who verifies the patient's spine in various positions - lying, standing, in moving and rest states, after the patient is sent to the hardware diagnosis to confirm or refute the diagnosis.The main types of column study include magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, radiography and ultrasound dopplementography of the main brain arteries.
It turns out that after a complete examination, related diseases are additionally detected, which are complications of osteochondrosis: hernia - spine and intervertebral spine, intervertebral disc protrusion, radiculite and kyphosis.
The quality of the diagnosis is of paramount importance, because many symptoms of osteochondrosis are absolutely identical to the symptoms of other diseases, and sources of pain can be a spinal root or a damaged intervertebral disc.
Treatment of osteochondrosis
But the diagnosis follows the treatment, which can be of two types -Conservative AND Operational - Depending on the neglect and severity of the disease and the presence of internal resources to recovery, other indications and against -indications.
In several serious cases, it is impossible to pass without surgery, in others, conservative treatment is justified.However, only highly qualified doctors can make the right choice and sometimes your consultation.
With conservative treatment, as well as subsequent rehabilitation, a comprehensive approach is required, which means the use of many methods from various sectors of medicine.Modern medicine, in most cases, reduces conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation to two things: drug therapy and hardware treatment.At the same time, a total underestimation of body resources is observed, treatment is, as well as "in the absence" of the patient himself, as if the patient's active participation in healing could not occur.This treatment and "passive" rehabilitation is always longer and sometimes unsuccessful.
At the same time, conservative treatment and post -operative rehabilitation should include several different methods, such as:
- Exercise Therapy - Therapeutic Gymnastics Exercise;
- Isometric kinesiotherapy;
- Manual therapy;
- Reflexology;
- Underwater hydromassage;
- Unloading of treatment based on the elimination of the spine;
- Magneto, electrical and vibro stimulation;
- Ultrasound and laser therapy;
- Therapeutic diet
- Psychotherapy;
- Drug therapy.
With the correct selection and the combination of many therapeutic methods, drug treatment can be moved to last place and resorted to it at a minimum volume or in the exacerbation phases.
Classes with a psychologist in combination with exercise therapy, forcing a person to believe in their own strength and actively participate in post -operative restoration or restoration.
Manual and hydromassage, reflexology not only improve blood circulation, alleviate pain syndromes, but also arouse the internal forces of the body.
The underestimation of the role of dietary can minimize the efficacy of drug treatment, because individual and properly selected diet, allows to saturate body cells with nutrients, tracking elements and necessary vitamins, preventing concomitant complications to other organs and without aggravating diseases, such as diabetes, building and cardiovascular.
And yet drug therapy is still required, usually includes several therapy:
- Anti-inflammatory;
- Antispasmodic;
- Antioxidant;
- Stimulation of blood microcirculation;
- Correction of psychosomatic disorders and prevention of cartilage tissue degeneration.
Therefore, we will summarize: post -operative rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis in special departments of state clinics, in most cases, deprive patients with comprehensive recovery treatment, and this treatment at home adds several other problems.The fact is that, trying to rehabilitate at home, the patient faces at least the fact that:
- Experiences The scarcity of medical equipment - orthopedic beds, simulators, physiotherapy devices or simply the space required for physical therapy exercises;
- He discovers the inability to self -organize and self -disciplinary, which is the quintessence of any recreational technique: he cannot be elected sleep regimes, vigil, medication, medical procedures and nutrition for a long period of time.
- It seems like a lack of dietary and cooking skills that allow you to compose the recipe and choose the right and distribute daytime diet, which can deny the effectiveness of other health methods.
Thus, it is best to undergo recovery treatment in specialized hospitals and specialized rehabilitation centers in comprehensive rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis.